The kernel is a fundamental component of an operating system that acts as the primary interface between the actual hardware of the computer and the programmes that execute on it. By giving access to the CPU, memory, disc I/O, and networking, the kernel allows numerous programmes to share hardware resources.
Also Read:- What is the function of the kernel of an operating system?
Consider a computer to be a series of layers, with the deepest layer representing the hardware and the outermost layers representing the software programmes that operate on the computer. The kernel is positioned between the hardware and the applications in this comparison because it is responsible for not only controlling the hardware's resources and running software programmes, but also for regulating the interactions between these layers.
Memory in modern computers is divided into kernel space and user space. User space is where application software is executed, whereas kernel space is where the behind-the-scenes work required to run a computer, such as memory allocation and process management, takes place. Because of the separation of kernel and user regions, the work done by the kernel is usually not visible to the user.
A computer kernel, in simple terms, interfaces between the three primary computer hardware components, providing services between the application/user interface and the CPU, memory, and other hardware I/O devices.
The kernel maintains and supplies computer resources, allowing other applications to operate and utilise them. The kernel also configures memory address space for applications, loads files containing application code into memory, configures the execution stack for programmes, and routes execution to specific areas inside programmes.
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